Many pediatric dentists believe that frequent, prolonged sippy cup use contributes to toddler tooth decay. Sippy cups are an excellent tool to help ease the transition between baby bottles and regular adult drinking glasses. However, sippy cups have become so effective in preventing spills and leaks, that the majority of parents continue to use them - often well into late toddlerhood. As a consequence, pediatric cavities (often called &#;baby bottle cavities&#;) are becoming increasingly prevalent in children between the ages of two and five.
The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) advises parents to make a &#;well-baby&#; checkup with a pediatric dentist approximately six months after the first tooth has emerged. At this visit, the pediatric dentist is able to educate parents about sippy cup use and general oral care routines &#; as well as provide strategies for eliminating unwanted oral habits.
When should my child use a sippy cup?
A sippy cup should be introduced when the child is first physically able to grasp it. Its use should be discontinued as soon as the child has enough motor control to use an adult-sized cup &#; usually around one year of age. Children are at risk for tooth decay as soon as the first teeth emerge from the gums, making it crucial to implement a good oral care routine as early as possible.
During the sippy cup period, pediatric dentists provide the following guidelines for parents:
Don&#;t fill sippy cups with sugary liquids (opt for water whenever possible).
Don&#;t let children sip continuously from a sippy cup (remove the cup when the child has finished drinking).
Don&#;t let the child take a sippy cup to bed (unless it contains water).
Don&#;t use sippy cups to comfort a distressed child (especially one containing sugary liquids).
Frequently rinse the sippy cup with water to eliminate germs.
If the child must drink sugary liquids, let them do it at mealtime (when saliva production is at its highest levels).
How do sippy cups cause tooth decay?
Sippy cups alone do not cause tooth decay. Oftentimes, the real problem is that parents tend to fill them with sugary, decay-promoting liquids. Examples of such liquids are: breast milk, baby formula, fruit juice, soda, and sweetened water.
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Since sippy cups only emit a tiny amount of fluid at a time, the sugars in the fluids are continuously being swashed in and around the child&#;s teeth. Oral bacteria feed on these sugars and produce harmful oral acids. Acids attack the tooth enamel, weakening it and rendering it susceptible to decay. Sometimes cavities (caries) form between the teeth, which are hard to see. Biannual appointments with the pediatric dentist are the best way to monitor the condition of the teeth, and to ensure that cavities are not developing.
Which sippy cup should I choose for my child?
All sippy cups are not created equal. The American Dental Association (ADA) provides the following guidelines for choosing a good sippy cup:
Avoid &#;no-spill&#; valves &#; In essence, sippy cups with no-spill valves do not advance the child&#;s sipping. They only release a tiny amount of liquid, meaning that sugars are swilling around the mouth more often.
Choose a spout &#; Cups with a snap-on or screwing lid with a spout are preferable to the alternatives. These cups promote good drinking habits, as opposed to being &#;glorified baby bottles.&#;
Two handles are better than one &#; The goal of the transition is to make the child feel comfortable enough to grasp an adult-sized cup. Since larger cups require the use of two hands, it is better for the child to get into this habit early.
If you have questions or concerns about tooth decay or the use of sippy cups, please contact your pediatric dentist.
Raise your hand if you&#;ve been scared by something you saw on the internet into thinking your child&#;s favorite cup is harmful. Let me reassure you that much like pacifiers, what matters in terms of developmental impact is not the type of cup being used but the frequency, intensity, and duration of its use. Offering a variety of cups is the key.
Check out the article by The Informed SLP called What&#;s Up With Cups for a summary of the evidence surrounding sippy cup use, the impact on swallow pattern, and facial development. It&#;ll ease your mind.
In my household, there are only two types of cups I avoid:
1. Anything that uses a firm straw (metal or plastic).
2. Anything with a hard spout.
My reason isn&#;t due to developmental concerns but TRAUMA risk. Children are busy, they stand up or slip out of their chairs, and if a hard straw or spout is in their mouth at that moment, severe dental or soft tissue injury can occur.
Around six months of age I began to offer my littles water to drink from a cup at mealtime.
In the end, the best cup is the one that your child likes and can use successfully! Don&#;t stress or waste hundreds of dollars trying to get them to use the &#;best&#; one &#; because there isn&#;t a &#;best&#; one as far as evidence goes. You can find more options of cups that I love as a pediatric dentist and mom of three here.
Regarding their dental health, the most important factor is WHAT is inside the cup. The cup your child has access to all day should be filled with water. Reserve sweet/acidic drinks for meal times. And please, don&#;t let your child take a bottle or sippy cup into bed with them that contains anything but water!
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