2. Specifications For Bagging

21 Oct.,2024

 

2. Specifications For Bagging

2.2.3. Polypropylene Bagging:

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2.2.3.1. General: Polypropylene material used to wrap bales shall be new polypropylene fabric manufactured in a USMCA country from yarn and resins produced in a USMCA country and woven specifically for use on cotton bales. The bale covers shall be uniform in size and color, clean, unstained, and free of any extraneous material.

2.2.3.1.1. Yarns: Scrap, re-ground, or reworked polymers may be used for yarns, provided material meets all specifications under 2.2.3.

2.2.3.1.1.1. Type: The yarn shall be crystalline or isostatic polypropylene type yarns.

2.2.3.1.1.2. Dimension:

2.2.3.1.1.2.1. For fabric constructions of 12 warp yarns per inch and 8 weft (filling) yarns per inch: The warp yarn dimensions shall be 95 mils wide, plus or minus 2 mils and 2.1 mils thick, plus or minus 0.2 mil with a linear density of Denier, plus or minus 50 Denier. Weft (filling) yarn dimensions shall be not less than 110 mils wide, plus or minus 2 mils and 1.8 mils thick, plus or minus 0.2 mils with a minimum linear density of Denier, plus or minus 50 Denier.

2.2.3.1.1.2.2. For fabric constructions of 12 warp yarns per inch and either 8.5 or 9.5 weft (filling) yarns per inch: The warp yarn dimensions shall be 80 mils wide, plus or minus 5 mils, with a linear density of 840 Denier, plus 100 Denier or minus 50 Denier. Filling yarn dimensions shall be 95 mils wide, plus or minus 5 mils, with a minimum linear density of 890 Denier, plus 100 Denier or minus 50 Denier.

2.2.3.1.1.2.3. For fabric constructions of 10 warp yarns per inch and 7 weft (filling) yarns per inch: The warp yarn dimensions shall be 100 mils wide, plus or minus 5 mils, with a linear density of Denier, plus or minus 50 Denier. Filling yarn dimensions shall be 110 mils wide, plus or minus 5 mils, with a linear density of Denier, plus or minus 50 Denier.

2.2.3.1.1.2.4. For fabric constructions of 8 warp yarns per inch and 8 weft (filling) yarns per inch: The warp yarn dimensions shall be between 100 and 115 mils wide, plus or minus 5 mils, with a linear density between 800 and Denier, plus or minus 50 Denier. The weft (filling) yarn dimensions shall be 110 mils wide, plus or minus 5 mils, with a linear density between 800 and Denier, plus or minus 50 Denier.

2.2.3.1.1.2.5. For fabric constructions of 11.3 or 9 warp yarns per inch and 6 weft (filling) yarns per inch: The warp yarn dimensions shall be 90 mils wide, plus or minus 5 mils, with a linear density of 900 Denier, plus or minus 50 Denier. Filling yarn dimensions shall be 115 mils wide, plus or minus 5 mils, with a linear density of Denier, plus or minus 50 Denier.

2.2.3.1.1.2.6. For fabric constructions of 20 warp yarns per inch and 8 weft (filling) yarns per inch: The warp yarn dimensions shall be 47 mils wide, plus or minus 5 mils and 1.4 mils thick, plus or minus 0.2 mils, with a linear density of 380 Denier, plus or minus 50 Denier. Weft (filling) yarn dimensions shall be 106 mils wide, plus or minus 5 mils and 1.6 mils thick, plus or minus 0.2 mils, with a linear density of 840 Denier, plus or minus 50 Denier.

2.2.3.1.1.3. Inhibitor Concentration: For yarns stabilized with a hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS), the yarn shall contain one or a combination of Tinuvin 622 LD and Chimassorb 944 from Ciba-Geigy Corporation or other equivalent HALS at a total concentration of not less than 0.3 percent weight of active inhibitor. The known and consistent concentrations of each combined HALS shall be placed on record with the JCIBPC.

2.2.3.1.1.4. Trace Element: Additionally, when HALS inhibitors are used, the yarn must also contain a trace element of barium sulfate at a concentration of not less than 0.05 percent by weight that must be detectable after weathering for identification purposes. The JCIBPC will have samples checked periodically by a private laboratory at manufacturers' expense.

2.2.3.1.2. Fabric Woven from Stabilized Yarns:

2.2.3.1.2.1. Fabric Count:

2.2.3.1.2.1.1. For 12 x 8 constructions: There must be an average of 12 warp yarns per inch and an average of 8 weft (filling) yarns per inch. No test sample shall contain less than 11 warp yarns or 7 weft (filling) yarns per inch.

2.2.3.1.2.1.2. For 12 x 8.5 constructions: There must be an average of 12 warp yarns per inch and an average of 8.5 weft (filling) yarns per inch. No test sample shall contain less than 11 warp yarns or 7.5 weft (filling) yarns per inch.

2.2.3.1.2.1.3. For 12 x 9.5 constructions: There must be an average of 12 warp yarns per inch and an average of 9.5 weft (filling) yarns per inch. No test sample shall contain less than 11 warp yarns or 8.5 weft (filling) yarns per inch.

2.2.3.1.2.1.4. For 10 x 7 constructions: There must be an average of 10 warp yarns per inch and an average of 7 weft (filling) yarns per inch. No test sample shall contain less than 9.5 warp yarns per inch or 6.5 weft (filling) yarns per inch.

2.2.3.1.2.1.5. For 8 x 8 constructions: There must be an average of 8 warp yarns per inch and an average of 8 weft (filling) yarns per inch. No test sample shall contain less than 7.5 warp yarns per inch or 7.5 weft (filling) yarns per inch.

2.2.3.1.2.1.6. For 11.3 x 6 constructions: There must be an average of 11.3 warp yarns per inch and an average of 5.9 weft (filling) yarns per inch. No test sample shall contain less than 10.8 warp yarns or 5.4 weft (filling) yarns per inch.

2.2.3.1.2.1.7. For 9 x 6 constructions: There must be an average of 9 warp yarns per inch and an average of 5.9 weft (filling) yarns per inch. No test sample shall contain less than 8.5 warp yarns or 5.4 weft (filling) yarns per inch.

2.2.3.1.2.1.8. For 20 x 8 constructions: There must be an average of 20 warp yarns per inch and an average of 8 weft (filling) yarns per inch. No test sample shall contain less than 19.5 warp yarns per inch or 7.5 weft (filling) yarns per inch.

2.2.3.1.2.2. Minimum Weight:

2.2.3.1.2.2.1. For 12 x 8 fabric constructions: The non-extrusion coated fabric must weigh an average of not less than 2.7 ounces per square yard and no test sample shall weigh less than 2.5 ounces per square yard.

2.2.3.1.2.2.2. For 12 x 8.5 fabric constructions: The non-extrusion coated fabric must weigh an average of not less than 2.3 ounces per square yard and no single test sample shall weigh less than 2.1 ounces per square yard.

2.2.3.1.2.2.3. For 12 x 9.5 fabric constructions: The non-extrusion coated fabric must weigh an average of not less than 2.5 ounces per square yard and no single test sample shall weigh not less than 2.3 ounces per square yard.

2.2.3.1.2.2.4. For 10 x 7 fabric constructions: The non-extrusion coated fabric must weigh an average of not less than 2.3 ounces per square yard and no single test sample shall weigh less than 2.1 ounces per square yard.

2.2.3.1.2.2.5. For 8 x 8 fabric constructions: The coated fabric must weigh an average of not less than 2.3 ounces per square yard and no single test sample shall weigh less than 2.1 ounces per square yard.

2.2.3.1.2.2.6. For 11.3 x 6 fabric constructions: The coated fabric must weigh an average of not less than 3.2 ounces per square yard and no test sample shall weigh less than 3.0 ounces per square yard.

2.2.3.1.2.2.7. For 9 x 6 fabric constructions: The coated fabric must weigh an average of not less than 3.0 ounces per square yard and no test sample shall weigh less than 2.75 ounces per square yard.

2.2.3.1.2.2.8. For 20 x 8 fabric constructions: The coated fabric must weigh an average of not less than 2.5 ounces per square yard and no test sample shall weigh less than 2.3 ounces per square yard.

2.2.3.1.2.3. Color: The color of the fabric containing HALS shall be translucent white, translucent light gold, or translucent light blue equivalent to Pantone color 306 C, unless otherwise approved by the JCIBPC. The center of each panel, for bag and panel combinations, must be marked in the weft (filling) direction with a clearly visible line printed with ink of any color but white or black running across the entire width of the panel or with a series of three lines having a minimum of 12 inches on each edge and a minimum of 12 inches in the center. The lines must be within one inch of the true center of the length of the panel.

2.2.3.1.2.4. Tensile Strength: Ten samples shall be tested in each direction for this determination and no single test shall be more than 10 pounds per inch below the specified average.

2.2.3.1.2.4.1. For 12 x 8, 12 x 8.5 or 9.5 and 10 x 7 fabric constructions: The minimum tensile strengths of uncoated fabrics shall be 125 pounds per inch average in the warp direction and 90 pounds per inch average in the weft (filling) direction.

2.2.3.1.2.4.2. For 11.3 x 6 fabric constructions: The minimum tensile strengths of coated fabric shall be 125 pounds per inch average in the warp direction and 90 pounds per inch average in the weft (filling) direction.

2.2.3.1.2.4.3. For 9 x 6 fabric constructions: The minimum tensile strengths of coated fabric shall be 120 pounds per inch average in the warp direction and 110 pounds per inch average in the weft (filling) direction.

2.2.3.1.2.4.4. For 20 x 8 fabric constructions: The minimum tensile strengths of coated fabric shall be 160 pounds per inch average in the warp direction and 106 pounds per inch average in the weft (filling) direction.

2.2.3.1.2.4.5. For 8 x 8 fabric constructions: The minimum tensile strengths of coated fabric shall be 115 pounds per inch average in the warp direction and 110 pounds per inch average in the weft (filling) direction.

2.2.3.1.2.5. Elongation: The fabric shall have an elongation to break of not less than 15 percent average in both warp and weft (filling) directions. Ten samples shall be tested in each direction for this determination and no single test value shall be below 12 percent.

2.2.3.1.2.6. Selvage: Each outer edge of the fabric shall be tucked selvage or natural selvage containing not less than the number of weft (filling) ends prevalent in the body of the fabric or the fabric shall have mechanically cut edges in such a fashion that the yarns are held in position by the coating.

2.2.3.1.2.7. Air Permeability: The non-extrusion coated fabric in an unstressed state must permit not less than 5 cubic feet per minute per square foot, nor more than 50 cubic feet per minute per square foot of air flow.

2.2.3.1.2.8. Weathering Resistance: The fabric shall retain not less than 70 percent of its original tensile breaking strength after 1,200 hours exposure to accelerated weathering.

2.2.3.1.3. Coatings: Any coating added to the fabric to reduce gloss, fibrillation, slippage, or for other technical reasons, shall be as stable as the fabric to which it has been applied when exposed to accelerated weathering and low temperatures. Any coating shall be stabilized with a hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS), and contain one or a combination of Tinuvin 622 LD and Chimassorb 944 from Ciba-Geigy Corporation or other equivalent HALS at a total concentration of not less than 0.3 percent weight of active inhibitor. The known and consistent concentrations of each combined HALS shall be placed on record with the JCIBPC. Coating must not adversely affect cotton which it is to contact. Coating must not delaminate during stresses of baling and compression. The coatings and base yarns must be of like color.

2.2.3.1.3.1. For 12 x 8, 12 x 8.5 or 9.5 and 10 x 7 fabric constructions: polyolefin coating added to prevent fibrillation must be thermally bonded to woven polypropylene fabric by extrusion coating at a minimum thickness at any point of 0.75 mil.

2.2.3.1.3.2. For 8 x 8 fabric constructions: polyolefin coating added to prevent fibrillation must be thermally bonded to woven polypropylene fabric by extrusion coating at a minimum thickness at any point of 0.75 mil.

2.2.3.1.3.3. For 20 x 8 fabric constructions: polyolefin coating added to prevent fibrillation must be thermally bonded to woven polypropylene fabric by extrusion coating at a minimum thickness at any point of 1 mil.

2.2.3.2. Fully-Coated Gusseted Spiral-Sewn Bags Used to Wrap Gin Universal Density Bales:

2.2.3.2.1. Material: Fabric shall conform to the specifications for the 12 x 8, 12 x 8.5 or 9.5, 10 x 7, 8 x 8 or 20 x 8 fabric constructions meeting applicable requirements in Sections 2.2.3.1. through 2.2.3.1.3.3., 2.2.3.7. and 2.2.3.8.

2.2.3.2.2. Fabric Width: The fabric from which each bag is sewn shall be a minimum of 60 inches in width.

2.2.3.2.3. Bag Size: The bag size must be tailored to individual bale size at each location. Bags shall fit bales tightly, but must be large enough to slip down for sampling and minimize bursting and long enough to completely cover and secure heads of bales. The gussets shall be of equal width, plus or minus 1 inch. The minimum finished bag length shall be not less than 85 inches.

2.2.3.2.4. Seams: Seams must be sewn in accordance with the following: Type SSn-1 (folded), SSa-1 (flat), and LSa-1 (overlap), type 401 stitch, minimum four stitches per inch, and 4/12 or 5/12 cotton thread, or a polypropylene thread with an approximate yarn Denier of 1,000, meeting ultraviolet light inhibitor concentration and identification concentration requirements of Section 2.2.3.2.3, with a minimum tensile strength of 11.02 pounds. Sewn seams at bottom of bags must be a minimum of three-fourths inch from heat cut edges and be of type SSa-1 (flat). Color of polypropylene sewing thread shall meet color requirements of Section 2.2.4.3.5.

2.2.3.2.5. Coating: Coating shall meet requirements of Section 2.2.3.4 and shall be applied across the entire width of the flat fabric.

2.2.3.2.6. Venting: The bag shall be adequately vented without impairing the integrity of the bag.

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2.2.3.3. Fully-Coated Gusseted Extruded Seam Bags Used to Wrap Gin Universal Density Bales:

2.2.3.3.1. Material: Fabric shall conform to the specifications for 11.3 x 6 and 9 x 6 fully-coated fabric construction meeting applicable requirements of Sections 2.2.3.1 through 2.2.3.1.3.2., 2.2.3.7. and 2.2.3.8.

2.2.3.3.2. Fabric Width: The fabric from which each bag is fabricated shall be a minimum of 100 inches in width.

2.2.3.3.3. Bag Size: The bag size must be tailored to individual bale size at each location. Bags must fit bales tightly, but must be large enough to slip down for sampling and minimize bursting and long enough to completely cover and secure heads of bales. The gussets shall be of equal width, plus or minus 1 inch. The minimum finished bag length shall not be less than 80 inches, measured from sewn bottom seam to the mouth of the bag.

2.2.3.3.4. Seams: The bag shall be formed from a flat sheet of fabric by means of two seams. The first shall be a continuous extruded seam of polyolefin material joining the edges of the fabric panel to form a tube. Location of the seam shall be identified by the use of a pigment in the seaming material. The extruded seam shall be made using an extruder and die system that utilizes polymers with similar rheology characteristics to the resins used to coat the bags and shall have a minimum cut-strip tensile strength of 50 pounds per inch. At least 3 strips, 2 inches in width shall be cut parallel to the weft (filling) yarns from any bag to determine the seam strength. The bottom of the tube shall be closed with a type SSn-1 (folded) seam, chain stitch, minimum 3 stitches per inch, using a polypropylene thread with an approximate yarn Denier of , meeting ultraviolet light inhibitor concentration requirements of Section 2.2.3.1.1.3., with a minimum tensile strength of 11.02 pounds.

2.2.3.3.5. Coating: Coating shall meet the requirements of Section 2.2.3.1.3. Polyolefin coating added to prevent fibrillation must be thermally bonded to woven polypropylene fabric by extrusion coating. Fully-coated 11.3 x 6 or 9 x 6 fabrics shall have a continuous polyolefin coating with an average thickness of 1.5 mils, plus or minus 0.2 mils.

2.2.3.3.6. Venting: The bag shall be adequately vented without impairing the integrity of the bag.

2.2.3.4. Fully-Coated Gusseted Circular Woven Bags Used to Wrap Gin Universal Density Bales:

2.2.3.4.1. Material: Fabric shall conform to the specifications for 8 x 8 fully-coated fabric construction meeting applicable requirements of Sections 2.2.3.1 through 2.2.3.1.3.2., 2.2.3.7., 2.2.3.8. The tube of fabric shall be woven on a circular loom.

2.2.3.4.2. Fabric Width: The circular woven fabric from which bags are sewn shall be a minimum of 98 inches in circumference.

2.2.3.4.3. Bag Size: The bag size must be tailored to individual bale size at each location. Bags shall fit bales tightly, but must be large enough to slip down for sampling and minimize bursting and long enough to completely cover and secure heads of bales. The gussets shall be of equal width, plus or minus 1 inch. The minimum finished bag length shall be not less than 87 inches.

2.2.3.4.4. Seams: Sewn seams at bottom of bags must be a minimum of three-fourths inch from edges and must be sewn in accordance with the following: Type SSn-1 (folded) or SSa-1 (flat), type 401 stitch, minimum four stitches per inch, and 4/12 or 5/12 cotton thread, or a polypropylene thread with an approximate yarn Denier of 1,000, meeting ultraviolet light inhibitor concentration and identification concentration requirements of Section 2.2.3.2.3, with a minimum tensile strength of 11.02 pounds. Color of polypropylene sewing thread shall meet color requirements of Section 2.2.3.1.2.3.

2.2.3.4.5. Coating: Coating shall meet the requirements of Section 2.2.3.1.3. Polyolefin coating added to prevent fibrillation must be thermally bonded to woven polypropylene fabric by extrusion coating. Fully-coated 8 x 8 fabrics shall have a continuous polyolefin coating with an average thickness of 1.0 mil, minus 0.2 mils.

2.2.3.4.6. Venting: The bag shall be adequately vented without impairing the integrity of the bag.

2.2.3.5. Identification Markings: Each circular woven bag, panel and/or sewn bag must have the name or trademark of the fabric manufacturer (that is, the company weaving the material) and the appropriate yarn Denier (either 840 x 890, 800, , , 900 x , or 380 x 840) and construction (12 x 8.5 or 9.5, 8 x 8, 12 x 8, 10 x 7, 9 or 11.3 x 6 or 20 x 8) suitably printed no more than 36 inches apart in the center of each bag. Each identification mark shall be at least three-fourths inch in height. The identification markings shall be placed on record with the JCIBPC. Ink of any color but black or white shall be used for printing logos and centering marks. Where bags are fabricated by manufacturers other than the supplier of basic fabric or their subcontractor, the fabricator's name or trademark shall appear on each pattern in addition to the fabric manufacturer's name or trademark. The bag fabricator, when other than the fabric manufacturer, shall register the name or trademark with the JCIBPC.

2.2.3.6. Inspection and Certification Requirements:

2.2.3.6.1. Responsibility for Inspection: The fabric manufacturer and the supplier are both responsible for performance of all inspection requirements as specified herein. They may use their own or any other facilities suitable for the performance of such inspection requirements, unless such facilities are disapproved by the JCIBPC.

2.2.3.6.2. Right to Perform Inspection or Testing: Reasonable inspection or tests deemed necessary may be performed by the JCIBPC to assure that materials conform to prescribed specifications.

2.2.3.6.3. Inspection or Testing Expense: Expense for such inspection or testing shall be borne by the fabric manufacturer or supplier.

2.2.3.6.4. Certification Required by the JCIBPC:

2.2.3.6.4.1. Submission of Samples: All manufacturers of polypropylene must submit samples to a private testing laboratory selected by the JCIBPC for certification that materials meet all prescribed specifications.

2.2.3.6.4.2. Responsibility for Components and Materials: The fabric manufacturers shall be responsible for insuring that fabrics are manufactured, examined and tested in accordance with approved specifications and standards. The bag manufacturers shall be responsible for insuring that specifications for seams, cutting and sizes are met.

2.2.3.6.4.3. Certification of Fabric Furnished: Fabric manufacturers shall satisfy the applicable requirements in section 4.1. Certificates of Analysis (COA) and 4.2. Approved List. In addition polypropylene fabric manufacturers shall certify to customers that the fabric furnished has been manufactured in a USMCA country from yarn and resins produced in a USMCA country for use as cotton bale covers, and meets the material specifications herein, and that the manufacturer is on the JCIBPC's approved list.

2.2.3.7. Test Methods:

2.2.3.7.1. Sample Size: Polypropylene material selected for testing will consist of a minimum of ten randomly selected panels or spiral-sewn bags or an equivalent amount of flat goods in cases where the material is tested before it is in sewn form.

2.2.3.7.2. Length: The length of the sample will be measured directly using a suitably graduated device. The sample will be laid out flat on a smooth horizontal surface and the length measured along both selvages for panels and along both sides for bags. The length of the sample will be the average of the two measurements rounded to the nearest inch.

2.2.3.7.3. Width: The width of the sample will be measured directly using a suitably graduated device and will include any selvages. The sample will be laid out flat on a smooth horizontal surface and the measurements made perpendicular to the lengths (selvages in the case of panels). Three width measurements will be taken on each sample. One measurement will be made at the center of the sample and two other measurements will be made approximately 12 inches in from each end of the sample. The average of the three measurements, rounded to the nearest inch, will be the width.

2.2.3.7.4. Warp Yarn Count: The number of warp ends in a 12-inch width of the sample will be counted. This figure will be divided by 12 to determine the warp yarns per inch.

2.2.3.7.5. Weft (Filling) Yarn Count: The number of weft (filling) ends in a 12-inch length of the sample will be counted. This figure will be divided by 12 to determine the weft (filling) yarns per inch.

2.2.3.7.6. Yarn Dimensions: Polypropylene yarn dimensions will be tested as specified in ASTM D.

2.2.3.7.7. Inhibitor Concentration: Warp and weft (filling) yarns and coatings shall be analyzed for inhibitor concentration in accordance with ASTM D or ASTM D. Values obtained of less than the required concentrations in either warp or weft (filling) directions of the fabric shall be deemed non-conforming and constitute failure of this test.

2.2.3.7.8. Trace Element: For yarns stabilized by HALS, yarn shall be removed from the warp direction of each test sample and analyzed for the barium sulfate identification concentration by following applicable analytical test procedures as specified in ASTM D. Specimen yarns shall likewise be removed from the weft (filling) or fill direction and tested for identification concentration. Values obtained of less than 0.05 percent barium, as metal for the trace element in warp and/or weft (filling) directions of the fabric shall be deemed non-conformance and constitute failure of this test.

2.2.3.7.9. Fabric Weight: The fabric weight per square yard shall be determined using ASTM D.

2.2.3.7.10. Tensile Strength and Elongation: A minimum of ten randomly selected samples will be tested for tensile strength and elongation to break at standard conditions and in accordance with ASTM D.

2.2.3.7.11. Accelerated Weathering:

2.2.3.7.11.1. Accelerated Weathering Methods: The balance of the specimens shall be tested in accordance with either xenon arc testing (preferred test method) or carbon arc testing (allowed test method).

2.2.3.7.11.1.1. Xenon Arc Testing: Xenon arc testing shall be performed utilizing ASTM G155 Cycle 1 for not less than 1,200 hours.

2.2.3.7.11.1.2. Carbon Arc Testing: Carbon arc testing shall be performed utilizing ASTM G153 for not less than 1,200 hours, except that the black panel temperature shall be maintained at 155 degrees Fahrenheit (F), plus or minus 3 degrees F. The black panel temperature shall be read during the final 10 minutes of a cycle just before the water spray period starts.

2.2.3.7.11.2. Breaking Tensile Strength after Accelerated Weathering: At the completion of 1,200 hours exposure to accelerated weathering, the specimens shall be conditioned for 24 hours at the standard conditions specified in ASTM D. After conditioning, the exposed specimens shall be tested for breaking strength in accordance with ASTM D. An average breaking strength of less than 70 percent of the initial average breaking strength for its respective warp or weft (filling) yarn direction shall constitute failure of this test.

2.2.3.7.12. Ends of Heat Cut Sheets and/or Spiral-Sewn Bags: Heat cut ends of cotton bale cover sheets and spiral tubing shall be evaluated for heat cut strength as specified in ASTM Method D 751. Pin test values of less than 40 pounds, as per this method, shall constitute failure of this test.

2.2.3.7.13. Air Permeability: The non-extrusion coated fabric shall be tested for air permeability as specified in ASTM D737-75. Air permeability values of less than 5 or more than 50 cubic feet per minute per square foot will constitute failure of this test.

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